False-belief understanding in infants

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False-belief understanding in infants.

At what age can children attribute false beliefs to others? Traditionally, investigations into this question have used elicited-response tasks in which children are asked a direct question about an agent's false belief. Results from these tasks indicate that the ability to attribute false beliefs does not emerge until about age 4. However, recent investigations using spontaneous-response tasks ...

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Early False-Belief Understanding.

Intense controversy surrounds the question of when children first understand that others can hold false beliefs. Results from traditional tasks suggest that false-belief understanding does not emerge until about 4 years of age and constitutes a major developmental milestone in social cognition. By contrast, results from nontraditional tasks, which have steadily accumulated over the past 10 year...

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Making sense of early false-belief understanding.

We address the puzzle about early belief ascription: young children fail elicited-response false-belief tasks, but they demonstrate spontaneous false-belief understanding. Based on recent converging evidence, we articulate a pragmatic framework to solve this puzzle. Young children do understand the contents of others' false belief, but they are overwhelmed when they must simultaneously make sen...

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Eighteen-month-old infants show false belief understanding in an active helping paradigm.

Recently, several studies have claimed that soon after their first birthday infants understand others' false beliefs. However, some have questioned these findings based on criticisms of the looking-time paradigms used. Here we report a new paradigm to test false belief understanding in infants using a more active behavioral response: helping. Specifically, the task was for infants to help an ad...

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The development of false belief 1 Running head: JAPANESE FALSE BELIEF UNDERSTANDING The Development of False Belief Understanding in Japanese Children: Delay and Difference?

Three experiments investigated the development of Japanese children's false belief understanding. In Experiment 1, children's mastery of two standard false belief tasks was considerably later and slower than typically reported, with the full development between 6 and 7 years. Experiments 2 and 3 tested Japanese 6to 8-year-olds on interpersonal transfer tasks where a relocated item was a person ...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Trends in Cognitive Sciences

سال: 2010

ISSN: 1364-6613

DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2009.12.006